Manitoba

Key legislation

Population

Reporting

The provincial Animal Care Line: 204-945-8000 or an online intake form can be completed and emailed it to the Chief Veterinary Office dispatchers: animalcare@gov.mb.ca.

Within Winnipeg, contact the Winnipeg Humane Society: 204-982-2028.

Investigations and Enforcement

Manitoba’s public Chief Veterinary Office (CVO) oversees and funds animal protection and cruelty investigations. Different groups and individuals are employed as Animal Protection Officers (APOs) or contracted to undertake investigations. There are approximately 105 APOs in Manitoba although not all work predominantly on investigations.

The CVO directly employs APOs who are unionized with Manitoba Government and General Employees’ Union (MGGEU).

The Winnipeg Humane Society employs five (four full-time, one part-time) APOs for the city of Winnipeg External APOs. They are members of the Canadian Union of Public Employees. The WHS received around $12,000 from the CVO in the 2018/2019 fiscal year to conduct animal cruelty investigation work in Winnipeg. This does not cover all the costs and the charity still subsidizes cruelty investigations through fundraising and private donations.

There are also independent contractors who are appointed as APOs and undertake investigations in the province outside of Winnipeg.

APOs are responsible for investigating suspected cruelty on both companion and commercial animals. Civil servants are appointed by the Minister as officers to carry out enforcement of the Wildlife Act.

Police officers are also appointed as APOs under the Animal Care Act, but most investigations are undertaken by APOs contracted by the CVO.

Data

A table outlines Animal Cruelty Statistics from the Chief Veterinary Office from 2014 to 2020. First row: 2014. Total cases filed: 696. Case breakdown by violation: information not available. Species breakdown: Canine (64.9%), Feline (19.4%), Equine (19.3%), Bovine (9.8%), Other (8.1%), Avian (4.9%), Ovine (3.6%), Porcine (3.2%), Bison (0.6%).  Second row: 2015. Total cases filed: 798. Case breakdown by Violation: 51.75%. Act 2 (1) (a): Failure to ensure adequate source of food and water for an animal; 51%. Act 2 (1) (b): Failure to provide adequate medical attention for an animal when it is wounded or ill; 28.07%. Act 3 (1): Infliction upon an animal acute suffering, serious injury or harm or extreme anxiety or distress that significantly impairs its health or wellbeing; 15.41%. Act 2 (1) (d) (ii): Confinement of an animal to an enclosure or area with unsanitary conditions, so as to significantly impair the animal’s health or wellbeing. Species breakdown: Canine (68.3%), Feline (19.17%), Equine (13.91%), Bovine (6.52%), Other (6.46%), Avian (2.76%), Porcine (2.51%), Ovine (1.63%), Caprine (1.25%), Bison (0.25%).
A table outlines Animal Cruelty Statistics from the Chief Veterinary Office from 2014 to 2020. First row: 2016. Total cases filed: 952. Case breakdown by violation: 43.80% Act 2 (1) (a): Failure to ensure adequate source of food and water for an animal; 32.88% Act 2 (1) (b); Failure to provide adequate medical attention for an animal when it is wounded or ill; 25.42% Act 2 (1) (c): Failure to provide an animal with reasonable protection from injurious heat or cold; 18.80% Act 2 (1) (d) (ii): Confinement of an animal to an enclosure or area with unsanitary conditions, so as to significantly impair the animal’s health or wellbeing; 12.39% Act 3 (1): Infliction upon an animal acute suffering, serious injury or harm or extreme anxiety or distress that significantly impairs its health or wellbeing. Species breakdown: Canine (66.81%), Feline (19.96%), Equine (10.50%), Bovine (6.20%), Other (5.67%), Avian (3.26%), Ovine (2.10%), Porcine (1.58%), Caprine (1.16%), Bison (0.11%).  Second row: 2017. Total cases filed: 1026. Case breakdown by violation: 52% Act 2 (1) (a): Failure to ensure adequate source of food and water for an animal; 47% Act 2 (1) (b); Failure to provide adequate medical attention for an animal when it is wounded or ill; 30% Act 2 (1) (c): Failure to provide an animal with reasonable protection from injurious heat or cold; 17% Act 3 (1): Infliction upon an animal acute suffering, serious injury or harm or extreme anxiety or distress that significantly impairs its health or wellbeing; 16% Act 2 (1) (d) (ii): Confinement of an animal to an enclosure or area with unsanitary conditions, so as to significantly impair the animal’s health or wellbeing.  Species breakdown: Canine (64%), Feline (23%), Equine (12%), Bovine (8%), Other (8%), Avian (5%), Porcine (2%), Caprine (2%), Ovine (2%), Bison (0.2%).
A table outlines Animal Cruelty Statistics from the Chief Veterinary Office from 2014 to 2020. First row: 2018. Total cases filed: 1054. Case breakdown by violation: 50% Act 2 (1) (a): Failure to ensure adequate source of food and water for an animal; 47% Act 2 (1) (b): Failure to provide adequate medical attention for an animal when it is wounded or ill; 35% Act 2 (1) (c): Failure to provide an animal with reasonable protection from injurious heat or cold; 17% Act 2 (1) (d) (ii): Confinement of an animal to an enclosure or area with unsanitary conditions, so as to significantly impair the animal’s health or wellbeing; 9% Act 2 (1) (d) (I): Confinement or an animal to an enclosure or area with inadequate space, so as to significantly impair the animal’s health or wellbeing. Species breakdown: Canine (48%), Feline (16%), Equine (10%), Other (4%), Bovine (7%), Avian (5%), Porcine (3%), Caprine (3%), Ovine (3%), Bison (0.1%).  First row: 2019. Total cases filed: 1104. Case breakdown by violation: 50% Act 2 (1) (a): Failure to ensure adequate source of food and water for an animal; 47% Act 2 (1) (b): Failure to provide adequate medical attention for an animal when it is wounded or ill; 35% Act 2 (1) (c): Failure to provide an animal with reasonable protection from injurious heat or cold; 17% Act 2 (1) (d) (ii): Confinement of an animal to an enclosure or area with unsanitary conditions, so as to significantly impair the animal’s health or wellbeing; 9% Act 2 (1) (d) (I): Confinement or an animal to an enclosure or area with inadequate space, so as to significantly impair the animal’s health or wellbeing. Species breakdown: Canine (48%), Feline (16%), Equine (10%), Other (4%), Bovine (7%), Avian (5%), Porcine (3%), Caprine (3%), Ovine (3%), Bison (0.1%).

Data supplied by Manitoba Agriculture

*The percentage may exceed 100% as multiple statuses may be associated with each case

**Number of cases may exceed total cases filed as multiple statuses may be associated with each case 

A table outlines Animal Cruelty statistics from the Winnipeg Humane Society between 2014 and 2018. Row one: 2014; Total cases filed: 739; Case breakdown: 108 injured or ill wildlife emergency pick-ups, 190 animals locked in vehicle complaints, 34 confinement complaints regarding inadequate ventilation / lighting, 407 calls regarding animals unduly exposed to heat / cold.  Row two: 2015. Total cases filed: 1832. Case breakdown: 625 emergency pick-ups, 226 animals locked in vehicles complaints, 375 calls of complaint for not providing enough food or water, 435 calls regarding animals unduly exposed to cold or heat, 171 animals abandoned or living in conditions causing extreme anxiety / distress.  Row three: 2016. Total cases filed: 2264. Case breakdown: 952 emergency pick-ups, 185 animals locked in vehicles complaints, 474 calls of complaint for not providing food or water, 484 calls regarding animals unduly exposed to cold or heat, 169 calls regarding abandoned animals.  Row four: 2017. Total cases filed: 2597. Case breakdown: 324 animals locked in vehicles complaints, 543 calls of complaint for not providing food or water, 970 emergency pick ups, 228 calls regarding abandoned animals, 532 calls regarding animals unduly exposed too cold or heat.  Row five: 2018. Total cases filed: 2918. Case breakdown: 1737 welfare cases, 669 emergency calls, 512 non emergency calls.

Data supplied by the Winnipeg Humane Society

The most common animal welfare concerns (outlined by the Animal Care Act) inspected by APOs with the WHS are:

    • [Act] 2 (1) (a): Failure to ensure an adequate source of food and water for an animal.
    • [Act] 2 (1) (b): Failure to provide adequate medical attention for an animal when it is wounded or ill.
    • [Act] 2 (1) (c): Failure to provide reasonable protection from harmful heat and cold.
    • [Act] 2 (1) (d): Confinement of an animal to an enclosure or space with (i) inadequate space (ii) unsanitary conditions (iii) inadequate ventilation or lighting or (iv) without providing an opportunity for exercise, so as to significantly impair the animal’s health or well-being.
    • [Act] (3) (1): Infliction upon an animal acute suffering, injury, harm or extreme anxiety or distress that significantly impairs its health or well-being.
Two baby miniature pigs kiss. One is completely black and the other has spots of grey.

Forensic Veterinarians

The CVO has a Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. This government-run lab provides diagnostic services for all animals in the province. Private veterinarians as well companion animal and livestock owners can access these services (this includes preventative care as well as zoonotic control).

The CVO does post-mortem testing to identify the cause of death and/or harm in animal cruelty cases. These findings are important in the charging of animal cruelty.

Lawyers

Kevin Toyne – Civil Litigation lawyer at Hill Sokalski Walsh, Manitoba

Has practiced law in both Ontario and Manitoba for 15 years, including in the area of animal law.

Represented the high-profile case involving “Darwin the IKEA Monkey” before the Ontario Superior Court of Justice.

Served as the Vice-Chair of the Animal Law Section of the Ontario Bar Association in 2014-2015. 

Currently serving on the Board of Directors of Humane Canada and the Winnipeg Humane Society, and is also the Chair of the Winnipeg Humane Society’s Animal Protection Committee.

Has also presented at the National animal welfare conference.

Read more:

Coulter, K and Campbell, B.
“Public Investment in Animal Protection Work: Data from Manitoba, Canada.”

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/3/516 

Human-Animal Wellbeing and Supports

“One Health” is a sub-branch under the CVO’s Animal Health and Welfare Branch.

Under this sub-branch, in 2012, a One Health Steering Committee was established to connect different governmental departments/services who work on shared goals, particularly focusing on using a holistic approach to link and address animal, human, and environmental health. There is also a hoarding working group.

Manitoba veterinarian, Dr. Jonas Watson travels in and out of province to provide free veterinary care to areas where economic disparity causes people to struggle financially caring for their pets. Watson believes in the One Health approach for the sustainability of the veterinary field.

The Spay and Neuter Incentive Program (SNIP) by Funds for Furry Friends (FFFF) offers low-cost spaying and neutering for low-income families. 

FIXIT!Manitoba also offers spay and neuter clinics in high risk communities and provides ‘subsidized services’ to low-income communities.

Manitoba Animal Alliance helps in emergency situations in Northern communities to provide for abandoned animals until their owners are back home. The alliance is driven by making a better place for people and pets in the province.

Winnipeg Harvest, a human food bank, collects pet food donations for families in need with pets.

Animal Food Bank collects and distributes pet food to people in need. It has locations in Winnipeg, and Kelowna (BC).

The Winnipeg Humane Society’s ‘Safe Pet Program’ provides temporary housing for people leaving abusive relationships.